期刊
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
卷 89, 期 21, 页码 11348-11356出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02193
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资金
- Ministry of Science and Technology [NSC104-2113-M-110-004-MY3]
- Multidisciplinary and Data Science Research Center of National Sun Yat-sen University
This study describes a bottom-up assembly route for monodisperse carbon dots (CDs) into different sizes of CD aggregates through the control of the concentration of fatty acids. The highly monodisperse CDs were prepared via solvent-thermal treatment of edible soybean oil, which generated glycerol-based polymer as a carbon source and fatty acid as a surface capping in the synthetic process. The as-synthesized CDs exhibited small particle size variation (2.7 +/- 0.2 nm) and narrow emission bands (full width at half-maximum <20 nm). The monodisperse CDs can self-assemble into blue-, green-, yellow-, and red-emitting CD aggregates by tuning the concentration of fatty acids. Compared to commercially available organic dyes and semiconductor quantum dots, the CD aggregates provided a 10-7000-fold improvement in brightness. Additionally, their emission wavelength was tunable across the entire visible spectrum by tuning the excitation wavelength. Because of their high brightness, fluorescence imaging of a single carbon dot and CD aggregate was simply achieved using filter-free dark-field fluorescence microscopy (DFM). We also demonstrate the use of filter-free DFM to dynamically image cellular uptake of the monodisperse CDs in MCF-7 cells and Huh-7 liver cancer cells. Without the conjugation of the fluorophore to the CDs, the particle aggregation-induced red-shifted emission enables the development of the CD-based ratiometric sensor for Fe-III ions and pyrophosphate based on Fe-III-induced aggregation of the monodisperse CDs.
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