期刊
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
卷 56, 期 49, 页码 15520-15538出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/anie.201700684
关键词
aerogels; foams; functional materials; materials science; sponges
资金
- [SFB 840]
Low-density macroporous sponges with densities less than 100 mg cm(-3) are both a challenge and an opportunity for advanced chemistry and material science. The challenge lies in the precise preparation of the sponges with property combinations that lead to novel applications. Bottom-up and top-down chemical and engineering methods for the preparation of sponges are a major focus of this Review, with an emphasis on carbon and polymer materials. The light weight, sustainability, breathability, special wetting characteristics, large mass transfer, mechanical stability, and large pore volume are typical characteristics of sponges made of advanced materials and could lead to novel applications. Some selected sponge properties and potential applications are discussed.
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