4.8 Article

Bioinspired Energy Conversion in Nanofluidics: A Paradigm of Material Evolution

期刊

ADVANCED MATERIALS
卷 29, 期 45, 页码 -

出版社

WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adma.201702773

关键词

2D materials; biomimetics; energy conversion; ion transport; nanofluidics

资金

  1. National Natural Science Foundation of China [21522108, 11290163]
  2. 111 Project [B14009]
  3. Beijing Nova Program
  4. Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS

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Well-developed structure-function relationships in living systems have become inspirations for the design and application of innovative materials. Building artificial nanofluidic systems for energy conversion undergoes three essential steps of structural and functional development with the uptake of separate biological inspirations. This research field started from the mimicking of the bioelectric function of electric eels, wherein a transmembrane ion concentration gradient is converted into ultrastrong electrical impulses via membrane-protein-regulated ion transport. On a small scale, solid-state nanopores are transformed from cylindrical to cone-shaped to acquire asymmetric ion-transport properties; they also further gain versatile responsiveness via chemical modification. These features mimic the rectifying and gating functions of the biological ion channels. Toward large-scale integration and real-world applications, the structure of the nanofluidic system evolves from a one-dimensional straight-channel to a two-dimensional layered membrane, inspired by the layered microstructure of nacre. The research progress, current challenges, and future perspectives of this growing field are highlighted and discussed from the viewpoint of material evolution.

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