L:A ratio, Insulin resistance and metabolic risk in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome

Background and aims: The plasma leptin-adiponectin ratio (L:A) has been suggested as a one of the potentially independent predictor of metabolic risk and Insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Methods: This is a case-control study, total 439 female subjects, comprises in to two group 223 cases (PCOS) and 216 control (non-PCOS women) according to their clinical characteristics. Further both case and control group were sub-grouped in PCOS and non-PCOS with metabolic syndrome (wMetS) and without metabolic syndrome (woMetS) as per National Cholesterol Education Program Treatment Panel (NCEPATP) guidelines. Anthropometrical measurements and biochemical analysis were done. Leptin and adiponectin level were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Results indicated that SAD, WHR, BMI, BP, lipid profile, FPG, fasting plasma insulin, IR (HOMA-IR), leptin and L: A ratio were significantly higher (p = < 0.001) in PCOS women compare to non PCOS. Furthermore anthropometrical values and level of FPG, TC, TG, Insulin, IR (HOMA-IR) and L: A ratio were significantly high (p = < 0.001) in PCOS wMetS compare woMetS, however HDL (p = < 0.001) and adiponectin level (p = < 0.001) were significantly low. The same trend was also found in comparison between with and without MetS among non-PCOS women. The correlation between L: A Ratio with different metabolic risk markers, L: A ratio was positively significant with SAD (r = 0.97, p < 0.001), FPG (r = 0.96, p < 0.001), TC (r = 0.44, p < 0.001), insulin (r = 0.98, p < 0.001), IR (r = 0.97, p < 0.001), Adiponectin (r = 0.21, p < 0.01) and negatively significant with HDL(r = -0.42, p < 0.001) in PCOS wMetS whereas L: A ratio was also positively correlated with SAD, BMI, TG in PCOS woMetS. Conclusions: Study concluded L: A ratio may be one of the potential biomarker for metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance which is independent for presence of PCOS disease. (C) 2017 Diabetes India. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.