Ultrasound nanobubbles and their applications as theranostic agents in cancer therapy: a review

Cancer is known as a dangerous disease at cellular and molecular level of organism which necessitates its detection and treatment in early stages. With the development of nanomedicine, the fabrication of structures/materials at the range of 1 to 100 nm offers good advantage to clinical applications. Among nanostructure, nanobubbles (NBs) have received great attention to overcomes to the limitations of low sensitivity and specificity of diagnostics and therapeutics. In addition, NBs have high potential for encapsulating and attaching therapeutic agents. Therefore, they can be used as a novel nanostructure in clinical applications. The purpose of this review is to focus on the ultrasound NBs and their applications as theranostic agents for cancer therapy.