Multi-compartment centrifugal electrospinning based composite fibers

Multi-faceted technological advances in fiber science have proven to be invaluable in several emerging biomaterial and biomedical engineering applications. In the last decade, notable fiber engineering advances have been demonstrated ranging from co-axial flows (for micron and nano-scaled layering), non-concentric flows (for Janus composites) and even 3D printing (for controlled alignment). The ES process is however limited, both for commercial impact (low production rates) and also in its facile capability to deliver reliable mimicry of numerous biological tissues which comprise blended and aligned fibers (e.g. tendons and ligaments). In the technological advance demonstrated here, a combinatorial multi-compartment centrifugal electrospinning (CMCCE) system is developed and demonstrated. A proof-of-concept enabling multiple formulation solution hosting (including combinatorial grading) in a single centrifugal electrospinning system (CES) comprising one spinneret is shown. Using this process, controlled blending and tuning of resulting fibrous membrane properties (contact angle and active release behavior) via aligned and phased fiber mat composition is demonstrated. In addition, the CMCCE process is capable of replicating production rates of recently developed centrifugal electrospinning systems (similar to 120 g/h), while potentially permitting better mimicry of naturally occurring fibrous tissue blends. It is envisaged the advance in technology will be ideally suited to engineer synthetic fibrous biomaterials with greater host surface replication and will fulfil production rate requirements for the industrial sector.