Current updates on microRNAs as regulators of chemoresistance

Resistance to chemotherapeutics including platinum agents, nucleoside analogues, topoisomerase and microtubule inhibitors is the most important problem in the treatment of many cancer. Several resistance mechanisms has been described for each group and researchers have been trying to develop new approaches to overcome chemoresistance. miRNAs are the regulators of gene transcription at the post-transcriptional level. Dysregulated miRNAs have been reported in cancer tumorigenesis, diagnosis and prognosis and they are promising new therapeutic approaches to improve diagnosis and predictions of outcomes and response to chemotherapy. In this article, we summarized the results from 2015 January to 2017 June which explore the roles of miRNAs in the development of the chemotherapy resistance.