期刊
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
卷 9, 期 49, 页码 42761-42768出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b13887
关键词
low temperature; desolvation; ion transfer; electrolyte; lithium ion battery; cesium cation
资金
- Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Project under Technology Investment Program (TIP) at PNNL
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- Batteries for Advanced Battery Materials Research (BMR) [6951379]
- DOE Vehicle Technologies Program (VTP) within core funding of the Applied Battery Research (ABR) for Transportation Program
- DOE's Office of Biological and Environmental Research
- Battelle for the Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RLO1830]
Lithium (Li) ion battery has penetrated almost every aspect of human life, from portable electronics, vehicles, to grids, and its operation stability in extreme environments is becoming increasingly important. Among these, subzero temperature presents a kinetic challenge to the electrochemical reactions required to deliver the stored energy. In this work, we attempted to identify the rate-determining process for Li+ migration under such low temperatures, so that an optimum electrolyte formulation could be designed to maximize the energy output. Substantial increase in the available capacities from graphite parallel to LiNi0.80Co0.15Al0.05O2 chemistry down to -40 degrees C is achieved by reducing the solvent molecule that more tightly binds to Li+ and thus constitutes a high desolvation energy barrier. The fundamental understanding is applicable universally to a wide spectrum of electrochemical devices that have to operate in similar environments.
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