期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
卷 34, 期 5, 页码 993-1000出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/etc.2892
关键词
PAH; Passive sampling; Polyethylene; BSAF; Bioavailability
资金
- Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program [W9-12HQ-06-C-0017]
- Environmental Security Technology Certification Program [W9-12HQ-09-C-0008]
Biota-sediment accumulation factors (BSAF), frequently used to predict tissue concentrations of organisms living within and above sediments contaminated with hydrophobic organic chemicals, often produce inaccurate estimates. Hence, freely dissolved porewater concentrations, C-W, have also been investigated as predictors of organism tissue concentrations, but they are more difficult to measure than bulk sediment concentrations (used with BSAF). In situ passive sampling methods, however, make it possible to deduce C-W with less effort than required to measure the value directly and make it possible to relate C-W with tissue concentrations of undisturbed, native organisms. In the present study, polyethylene passive samplers containing performance reference compounds (d10-phenanthrene, d10-pyrene, and d12-chrysene) were deployed in diverse sediment beds near Boston, Massachusetts, USA, for a 1-wk period. Clams (Mya arenaria) and sediments were then collected from the deployed sediment beds. Concentrations of 3 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs; phenanthrene, pyrene, and chrysene) were measured in the porewaters, in clam tissues, and in the bulk sediment. Biota-sediment accumulation factors and polyethylene-deduced C-W were used to predict organism tissue concentrations. Ratios of predicted-to-measured values showed that the BSAF method over-predicted tissue concentrations in M. arenaria by up to 2 orders of magnitude. The polyethylene-deduced C-W method resulted in average ratios closer to 1 (0.43 +/- 0.26, 3.7 +/- 2.5, and 1.1 +/- 1.2 for phenanthrene, pyrene, and chrysene, respectively, N=26, uncertainty=+/- 1 sigma). Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:993-1000. (c) 2015 SETAC
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