Sustainability evaluation of rapid routes for buses with a network DEA model

This study establishes a network data envelopment analysis (DEA) model to evaluate the sustainability of public transportation services targeting rapid routes for buses in the Seoul metropolitan area. A network DEA-based optimization model is formulated to evaluate the sustainability of the public transportation service. By considering public transportation services from both the operators' and users' perspectives, this model produces results that reflect the interaction of three sustainable transport service properties, i.e., efficiency, equity, and environmental impacts. It is identified that the expansion of median bus lanes and the conversion of conventional buses into compressed natural gas vehicles could improve the sustainability of the public transportation services in the Seoul metropolitan area. Some limitations and future research agenda also are presented.