期刊
SCIENTIA AGRICOLA
卷 74, 期 6, 页码 425-435出版社
UNIV SAO PAOLO
DOI: 10.1590/1678-992X-2016-0148
关键词
streamline patterns; semiarid environment; turbulent flow; energy levels; olive
资金
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness
- European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) [AGL2015-68050-R]
- Research Center on Mediterranean Intensive Agrosystems and Agrifood Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL)
- Properties and functions of soils in semiarid environment research group of the University of Almeria (Spain) [RMN378]
The present work analyzes the effectiveness of windbreaks against wind erosion through the study of streamline patterns and turbulent flow by means of sonic anemometry and sediment traps. To this end, windbreaks composed of plastic meshes (7.5 m long and 0.7 m tall) were used. Windbreaks are a good means to reduce wind erosion, as they produce a positive effect on the characteristics of air currents that are related to wind erosion processes. Due to their ease of installation and dismantling, plastic meshes are widely used in areas where they are not required permanently. In our study, the use of a mesh of 13 x 30 threads cm(-2) and 39 % porosity resulted in an average reduction of 85 % in face velocity at a height of 0.4 m and a distance of 1 m from the windbreak. The turbulence intensity i increased behind the windbreak because the reduction of mean of air speed on the leeside caused by the flow of air through the windbreak. Fluctuation levels, however, remained stable. The mean values of turbulence kinetic energy k decreased by 65 % to 86 % at a distance of 1 m from the windbreak and at a height of 0.4 m. The windbreak reduces erosion and sediment transportation 2 m downwind (2.9 times the windbreak height). Nevertheless, sediment transportation was not reduced at a height of 1.0 m and the effect of the windbreak was not observed at a distance of 6 m downwind (8.6 m times the windbreak height).
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