期刊
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
卷 590, 期 -, 页码 611-619出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.001
关键词
Wastewater indicator; Micropollutants; Wastewater treatment plant; PPCPs; Artificial sweeteners; Pearl River Delta
资金
- National Science Foundation of China [NSFC U1401235, 41473105, 41303077]
- National Water Pollution Control Program of China [2014ZX07206-005]
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry [SKLOG2016-A03]
Wastewater indicator is a useful tool for evaluating the wastewater impact on natural water, but there is little information about the suitability of wastewater indicators for different regions. This study aimed to select suitable wastewater indicators in the Pearl River Delta region, south China by screening a range of wastewater related organic compounds. The screening campaign was carried out by investigating the occurrence and removal efficiencies of 93 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) and 5 artificial sweeteners (ASs) in nine wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) located in the region, and the occurrence of these target compounds in the contaminated and clean surface water of the Pearl River. An ideal wastewater indicator should be hydrophilic, source-specific for domestic wastewater, ubiquitous in contaminated surface water with detection frequency (DF) >80% and absent in background water samples. For liable indicators, high removal rates (>90%) should be observed in WWTPs and they should be detected in all the influent samples at concentrations fifty times higher than their limits of quantification. For conservative indicators, low removal rates (<50%) should be observed in WWTPs and they should be detected in all the effluent samples at concentrations fifty times higher than their limits of quantification. Based on the above criteria, sucralose and fluconazole were selected as conservative indicators in the region, while cyclamate, saccharin, methyl paraben, ethyl paraben, propyl paraben, paracetamol, salicylic acid and caffeine were selected as liable indicators. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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