期刊
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
卷 578, 期 -, 页码 1-15出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.146
关键词
Environmental risk assessment; Toxicokinetics; Internal dose; Bioconcentration factor; PBTK
资金
- European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)
- French Ministry of Ecology and Sustainable Development [EFSA/SCER/2014/06]
Environmental risk assessment of chemicals for the protection of ecosystems integrity is a key regulatory and scientific research field which is undergoing constant development in modelling approaches and harmonisation with human risk assessment. This review focuses on state-of-the-art toxicokinetic tools and models that have been applied to terrestrial and aquatic species relevant to environmental risk assessment of chemicals. Both empirical and mechanistic toxicokinetic models are discussed using the results of extensive literature searches together with tools and software for their calibration and an overview of applications in environmental risk assessment. These include simple tools such as one-compartment models, multi-compartment models to physiologically-based toxicokinetic (PBTK) models, mostly available for aquatic species such as fish species and a number of chemical classes including plant protection products, metals, persistent organic pollutants, nanoparticles. Data gaps and further research needs are highlighted. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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