期刊
BIOGEOSCIENCES
卷 15, 期 1, 页码 353-367出版社
COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
DOI: 10.5194/bg-15-353-2018
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资金
- Sacramento County Regional Sanitation District [13WSCA600000947/90000080]
- Interagency Ecological Program for the San Francisco Estuary [13WSCA4600010038/4600010038]
- California Sea Grant [DelSci U-04-SC-005]
Anthropogenic alteration of the form and concentration of nitrogen (N) in aquatic ecosystems is widespread. Understanding availability and uptake of different N sources at the base of aquatic food webs is critical to establishment of effective nutrient management programs. Stable isotopes of N (N-14, N-15) are often used to trace the sources of N fueling aquatic primary production, but effective use of this approach requires obtaining a reliable isotopic ratio for phytoplankton. In this study, we tested the use of flow cytometry to isolate phytoplankton from bulk particulate organic matter (POM) in a portion of the Sacramento River, California, during river-scale nutrient manipulation experiments that involved halting wastewater discharges high in ammonium (NH4+). Field samples were collected using a Lagrangian approach, allowing us to measure changes in phytoplankton N source in the presence and absence of wastewater-derived NH4+. Comparison of delta N-15-POM and delta N-15-phytoplankton (delta N-15-PHY) revealed that their delta N-15 values followed broadly similar trends. However, after 3 days of downstream travel in the presence of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent, delta N-15-POM and delta N-15-PHY in the Sacramento River differed by as much as 7 parts per thousand. Using a stable isotope mixing model approach, we estimated that in the presence of effluent between 40 and 90% of phytoplankton N was derived from NH4+ after 3 days of downstream transport. An apparent gradual increase over time in the proportion of NH4+ in the phytoplankton N pool suggests that either very low phytoplankton growth rates resulted in an N turnover time that exceeded the travel time sampled during this study, or a portion of the phytoplankton community continued to access nitrate even in the presence of elevated NH4+ concentrations.
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