期刊
PHYSICAL REVIEW B
卷 97, 期 12, 页码 -出版社
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.97.125117
关键词
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资金
- Technical University of Munich-Institute for Advanced Study - German Excellence Initiative
- Technical University of Munich-Institute for Advanced Study - European Union FP7 [291763]
- DFG [KN 1254/1-1]
- Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes
- Harvard Quantum Optics Center
- Swiss National Science Foundation
- Gordon and Betty Moore foundation
- Harvard-MIT CUA, NSF [DMR-1308435]
- AFOSR Quantum Simulation MURI, AFOSR [FA9550-16-1-0323]
- Division Of Materials Research
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1308435] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Quantum gas microscopes are a promising tool to study interacting quantum many-body systems and bridge the gap between theoretical models and real materials. So far, they were limited to measurements of instantaneous correlation functions of the form <(O) over cap (t)>, even though extensions to frequency-resolved response functions <(O) over cap (t)(O) over cap (0)> would provide important information about the elementary excitations in a many-body system. For example, single-particle spectral functions, which are usually measured using photoemission experiments in electron systems, contain direct information about fractionalization and the quasiparticle excitation spectrum. Here, we propose a measurement scheme to experimentally access the momentum and energy-resolved spectral function in a quantum gas microscope with currently available techniques. As an example for possible applications, we numerically calculate the spectrum of a single hole excitation in one-dimensional t - J models with isotropic and anisotropic antiferromagnetic couplings. A sharp asymmetry in the distribution of spectral weight appears when a hole is created in an isotropic Heisenberg spin chain. This effect slowly vanishes for anisotropic spin interactions and disappears completely in the case of pure Ising interactions. The asymmetry strongly depends on the total magnetization of the spin chain, which can be tuned in experiments with quantum gas microscopes. An intuitive picture for the observed behavior is provided by a slave-fermion mean-field theory. The key properties of the spectra are visible at currently accessible temperatures.
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