Nanocellulose: Extraction and application

Recently, nanocellulose and its applications gain high attraction in both research and industrial areas due to its attractive properties such as excellent mechanical properties, high surface area, rich hydroxyl groups for modification, and natural properties with 100% environmental friendliness. In this review, the background of nanocellulose originated from lignocellulosic biomass and the typical extraction meth-ods and general applications are summarized, in which the nanocellulose extraction methods related to ball milling are mainly introduced. Also, an outlook on its future is given. It is expected to provide guid-ance on the effective extraction of nanocellulose from biomass and its most possible applications in the future. (c) 2018 The Authors. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).