期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORTATION
卷 12, 期 2, 页码 75-91出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/15568318.2017.1328624
关键词
Carsharing; electric vehicles; mixed integer programming; simulation
资金
- Martin Family Society of Fellows for Sustainability
- MIT Airline Industry Consortium
Electric Vehicles (EVs) and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) can reduce gasoline consumption, but increase vehicle acquisition costs and introduce operational constraints. We develop a comprehensive approach to EV/PHEV deployment and utilization in round-trip carsharing systems. First, we formulate and solve the tactical problem of utilizing a mix of gasoline vehicles and EVs/PHEVs to serve trip demand, using Mixed Integer Programming optimization to estimate the minimal gasoline consumption in a computationally efficient manner, and simulation to assess the effect of reservation order on realized gasoline consumption. Second, we use these results to inform the strategic deployment of EVs/PHEVs in the carsharing fleet, using meta-optimization. We implement our approach using data from a large carsharing provider. From the perspective of a carsharing operator, our results suggest that replacing some portion of existing gasoline fleets by EVs/PHEVs would result in gasoline savings likely to outweigh upfront investments and the constraints on vehicle utilization that it creates. Moreover, we find that easily implementable heuristics can capture some of these benefits, and that the integration of vehicle utilization patterns into the design of EV/PHEV deployment strategies can result in added benefits.
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