期刊
REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
卷 88, 期 -, 页码 72-76出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2017.05.018
关键词
Mercury; Cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometrym (CV-AAS); Hazard quotient (HQ)
资金
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia
This study aims to determine concentrations of mercury in facial skin lightening cream according to different price categories (category I: = RM100.00) and their potential health risks to users. Prices of skin lightening creams were determined during a preliminary market survey. Thereafter, twenty samples were purchased from various locations such as cosmetic stalls, beauty shops, pharmacies and street vendors based on their stratified price categories. Samples were extracted using microwave digester and analyzed using cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry (CV-AAS). Non-carcinogenic chronic health risks for application of facial skin lightening cream were calculated using Dermal Absorption Dose (DAD) and Hazard Quotient (HQ). Concentrations of mercury in samples were less than the United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) permitted trace levels (<1 ppm) except for one sample from category III which was manufactured in China. Concentrations of mercury in facial skin lightening creams ranged from not detected to 1.13 mg kg(-1). There was no significant association between concentrations of mercury with price categories (p = 0.12). There was no significant non-carcinogenic health risk due to daily application of the facial skin lightening creams based on assumption of 30 years exposure period (HQ < 1). (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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