期刊
QUANTUM INFORMATION PROCESSING
卷 16, 期 9, 页码 -出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11128-017-1640-9
关键词
Quantum watermarking; Arnold scramble; Least significant bit; Quantum circuit
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [61463016]
- New Century Excellent Talents in University [NCET13- 0795]
- Training program of Academic and technical leaders of Jiangxi Province [20153BCB22002]
- advantages of scientific and technological innovation team of Nanchang City [2015CXTD003]
- Project of Science and Technology of Jiangxi province [20161BAB202065]
- Project of International Cooperation and Exchanges of Jiangxi Province [20161BBH80034]
- Humanities and Social Sciences in colleges and universities of Jiangxi Province [JC161023]
Based on the NEQR of quantum images, a new quantum gray-scale image watermarking scheme is proposed through Arnold scrambling and least significant bit (LSB) steganography. The sizes of the carrier image and the watermark image are assumed to be 2n x 2n and n x n, respectively. Firstly, a classical n x n sizedwatermark image with 8-bit gray scale is expanded to a 2n x 2n sized image with 2-bit gray scale. Secondly, through the module of PA-MOD N, the expanded watermark image is scrambled to a meaningless image by the Arnold transform. Then, the expanded scrambled image is embedded into the carrier image by the steganography method of LSB. Finally, the time complexity analysis is given. The simulation experiment results show that our quantum circuit has lower time complexity, and the proposed watermarking scheme is superior to others.
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