期刊
ECOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY
卷 43, 期 3, 页码 273-281出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/een.12496
关键词
Insect foam; light avoidance; photoreception; vision
类别
资金
- Chinese mainland and Taiwan in Biodiversity
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31372249, 31572298]
- K.T. Li Foundation for the Development of Science and Technology [31561163003]
1. Biofoam in spittlebugs has traditionally been seen as a defence against predation and a microclimate that reduces the risks of overheating and drying out. This study addresses the possible role of the foam as a light attenuator. 2. Nymphs exhibit higher mortalities when reared under brighter light (1800-2000 lux) than under less bright light (600-800 lux). At all developmental stages, photoavoidance is strongest when the nymphs are depleted of foam covers. First- and second-instar nymphs appear to be the most vulnerable to exposures by bright light. 3. Smaller bubbles are more effective as light attenuators than are larger ones. As younger instars possess smaller canals from which bubbles are released and, furthermore, exhibit higher concentrations of proteins in bubble liquid, they can produce smaller-sized bubbles and their foams are more effective at reducing light than are those of older nymphs. 4. The findings of this study show that most of the visible and UV radiation is reflected by the foam: transmittance of visible light was 15% at 600 nm and 12% at 350 nm. 5. These results demonstrate that spittlebug foam also possesses properties that render it an effective barrier against potentially damaging solar radiation.
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