Production of biodiesel from sea mango (Cerbera odollam) seed using in situ subcritical methanol-water under a non-catalytic process

A catalyst-free and environmentally friendly process was employed for the production of biodiesel from sea mango seed oil. This oil is non-edible and contains several fatty acids such as palmitic acid (C16), trans-9-elaidic acid (C18:1t), oleic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2), and linolelaidic acid (C18:2n6t). The in situ extraction and transesterification of the oil were carried at the subcritical methanol-water condition. The effect of reaction temperature and time on the yield of biodiesel was studied. The maximum yield of biodiesel was 98.58% and achieved at 200 degrees C, 40 bar and reaction time of 6 h. The ratio among sea mango seed, methanol, and water was 2:10:1.