Interstage Outcomes in Infants With Single Ventricle Heart Disease Comparing Home Monitoring Technology to Three-Ring Binder Documentation: A Randomized Crossover Study

Background: Interstage outcomes for infants with single ventricle remain suboptimal. We have previously described a tablet PC-based platform Cardiac High Acuity Monitoring Program (CHAMP) for remote monitoring which provides immediate access to data, videos, and instant alerts to our single ventricle care team. Methods: This study compares traditional three-ring binder monitoring (Binder) to CHAMP using a randomized crossover design to evaluate mortality, resource utilization, and caregiver experience. At discharge, all single ventricle infants were monitored using Binder and randomized to receive CHAMP at either one or two months postdischarge. One month after randomization, caregivers could choose either Binder or CHAMP for the remainder of the interstage period. Caregivers experience was recorded using surveys. Results: Enrollment included 31 single ventricle infants from May 2014 to June 2015. There was no interstage mortality over 4,911 total interstage days (median: 144/patient). Of 73 readmissions, 45 were unplanned. Of the initial 23 unplanned readmissions, 13 were found to have been based on data obtained exclusively through CHAMP (as instant alerts or based on data review) rather than caregiver concerns. Due to concerns regarding patient safety, additional enrollment was stopped. The CHAMP use was associated with significantly fewer unplanned intensive care unit days/100 interstage days, shorter delays in care, lower resource utilization at readmissions, and lower incidence of interstage growth failure and was preferred by a majority of caregivers. Conclusions: These findings suggest that CHAMP may offer benefits over Binder (improved interstage outcomes, delays in care, and caregiver experience). These findings should be tested across multiple centers in larger populations.