期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 114, 期 45, 页码 12081-12085出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1704552114
关键词
nitrous oxide emissions; agriculture; climate change; synthetic nitrogen; atmospheric inversion
资金
- US Department of Agriculture (USDA) [2013-67019-21364]
- USDA Agricultural Research Service, NOAA [NA13OAR4310086]
- US National Science Foundation [1640337]
- Minnesota Corn Growers Association [4118-15SP]
- Minnesota Supercomputing Institute for Advanced Computational Research
- MnDrive PhD fellowship
- Div Atmospheric & Geospace Sciences
- Directorate For Geosciences [1640337] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Nitrous oxide (N2O) has a global warming potential that is 300 times that of carbon dioxide on a 100-y timescale, and is of major importance for stratospheric ozone depletion. The climate sensitivity of N2O emissions is poorly known, which makes it difficult to project how changing fertilizer use and climate will impact radiative forcing and the ozone layer. Analysis of 6 y of hourly N2O mixing ratios from a very tall tower within the US Corn Belt-one of the most intensive agricultural regions of the world-combined with inverse modeling, shows large interannual variability in N2O emissions (316 Gg N2O-N center dot y(-1) to 585 Gg N2O-N center dot y(-1)). This implies that the regional emission factor is highly sensitive to climate. In the warmest year and spring (2012) of the observational period, the emission factor was 7.5%, nearly double that of previous reports. Indirect emissions associated with runoff and leaching dominated the interannual variability of total emissions. Under current trends in climate and anthropogenic N use, we project a strong positive feedback to warmer and wetter conditions and unabated growth of regional N2O emissions that will exceed 600 Gg N2O-N center dot y(-1), on average, by 2050. This increasing emission trend in the US Corn Belt may represent a harbinger of intensifying N2O emissions from other agricultural regions. Such feedbacks will pose a major challenge to the Paris Agreement, which requires large N2O emission mitigation efforts to achieve its goals.
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