期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 114, 期 21, 页码 5361-5366出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1618567114
关键词
carbon dioxide; Arctic; early winter respiration; Alaska; tundra
资金
- NASA [NNX13AK83G, NNXNNX15AG91G, 1444889]
- NOAA
- National Science Foundation Arctic Observation Network program [1503912]
- US Geological Survey Climate Research and Development Program
- Office of Polar Programs (OPP)
- Directorate For Geosciences [1503912] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- NASA [NNX13AK83G, 470903] Funding Source: Federal RePORTER
High-latitude ecosystems have the capacity to release large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere in response to increasing temperatures, representing a potentially significant positive feedback within the climate system. Here, we combine aircraft and tower observations of atmospheric CO2 with remote sensing data and meteorological products to derive temporally and spatially resolved year-round CO2 fluxes across Alaska during 2012-2014. We find that tundra ecosystems were a net source of CO2 to the atmosphere annually, with especially high rates of respiration during early winter (October through December). Long-term records at Barrow, AK, suggest that CO2 emission rates from North Slope tundra have increased during the October through December period by 73% +/- 11% since 1975, and are correlated with rising summer temperatures. Together, these results imply increasing early winter respiration and net annual emission of CO2 in Alaska, in response to climate warming. Our results provide evidence that the decadalscale increase in the amplitude of the CO2 seasonal cycle may be linked with increasing biogenic emissions in the Arctic, following the growing season. Early winter respirationwas not well simulated by the Earth System Models used to forecast future carbon fluxes in recent climate assessments. Therefore, these assessments may underestimate the carbon release from Arctic soils in response to a warming climate.
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