期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 114, 期 7, 页码 1613-1618出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1605660114
关键词
selective sweep; population size; great ape; adaptive evolutionary rate; mutation limitation
资金
- European Commission-funded 7th Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development NEXTGENE Project
- Danish Research Council for Independent Research [1323-00076A]
- European Molecular Biology Organization
- Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad [BFU2014-55090-P]
- European Research Council (ERC) [BFU2015-7116]
- Fundacio Zoo Barcelona
- [BFU2015-6215-ERC]
- ICREA Funding Source: Custom
Quantifying the number of selective sweeps and their combined effects on genomic diversity in humans and other great apes is notoriously difficult. Here we address the question using a comparative approach to contrast diversity patterns according to the distance from genes in all great ape taxa. The extent of diversity reduction near genes compared with the rest of intergenic sequences is greater in a species with larger effective population size. Also, the maximum distance from genes at which the diversity reduction is observed is larger in species with large effective population size. In Sumatran orangutans, the overall genomic diversity is similar to 30% smaller than diversity levels far from genes, whereas this reduction is only 9% in humans. We show by simulation that selection against deleterious mutations in the form of background selection is not expected to cause these differences in diversity among species. Instead, selective sweeps caused by positive selection can reduce diversity level more severely in a large population if there is a higher number of selective sweeps per unit time. We discuss what can cause such a correlation, including the possibility that more frequent sweeps in larger populations are due to a shorter waiting time for the right mutations to arise.
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