期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 114, 期 28, 页码 7397-7402出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1704009114
关键词
olfaction; vomeronasal organ; olfactory receptor; gene evolution; neofunctionalization
资金
- Claraz Foundation
- Swiss National Science Foundation [31003A_170114, CR33I3_143723, 31003A_172878]
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [CR33I3_143723, 31003A_172878, 31003A_170114] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
Changes in gene expression patterns represent an essential source of evolutionary innovation. A striking case of neofunctionalization is the acquisition of neuronal specificity by immune formyl peptide receptors (Fprs). In mammals, Fprs are expressed by immune cells, where they detect pathogenic and inflammatory chemical cues. In rodents, these receptors are also expressed by sensory neurons of the vomeronasal organ, an olfactory structure mediating innate avoidance behaviors. Here we show that two gene shuffling events led to two independent acquisitions of neuronal specificity by Fprs. The first event targeted the promoter of a V1R receptor gene. This was followed some 30 million years later by a second genomic accident targeting the promoter of a V2R gene. Finally, we show that expression of a vomeronasal Fpr can reverse back to the immune system under inflammatory conditions via the production of an intergenic transcript linking neuronal and immune Fpr genes. Thus, three hijackings of regulatory elements are sufficient to explain all aspects of the complex expression patterns acquired by a receptor family that switched from sensing pathogens inside the organism to sensing the outside world through the nose.
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