期刊
COMMUNICATIONS PHYSICS
卷 1, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s42005-018-0023-6
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资金
- UK EPSRC [EP/K03250X/1]
- QUIC grant of the Horizon 2020 FET program
- National Center of Theoretical Sciences, Taiwan
- QuantERA ERA-NET cofund project NAQUAS
- Provincia Autonoma di Trento
- [MOST 103-2112-M-018-002-MY3]
- EPSRC [EP/R043434/1] Funding Source: UKRI
The formation of an equilibrium state from an uncorrelated thermal one through the dynamical crossing of a phase transition is a central question of quantum many-body physics. During such crossing, the system breaks its symmetry by establishing numerous uncorrelated regions separated by spontaneously generated defects, whose emergence obeys a universal scaling law with quench duration. The ensuing re-equilibrating or coarse-graining stage is governed by the evolution and interactions of such defects under system-specific and external constraints. We perform a detailed numerical characterisation of the entire non-equilibrium process associated with the Bose-Einstein condensation phase transition in a three-dimensional gas of ultracold atoms, addressing subtle issues and demonstrating the quench-induced decoupling of condensate atom number and coherence growth during the re-equilibration process. Our findings agree, in a statistical sense, with experimental observations made at the later stages of the quench, and provide valuable information and useful dynamical visualisations in currently experimentally inaccessible regimes.
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