Bio-synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Through Bioreduction Using the Aqueous Extract of Muntingia calabura L. Leaves

One of the plants with many functions as tradisional drug is Muntingia calabura L. leaves. It caused the leaves has high content of tannins, saponins and flavonoids. The presence of these compounds is great potential as bioreductor to produce gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). In this study has been done biosynthesis and characterization of AuNPs using the aqueus extract of Muntingia calabura L. leaves. The AuNPs obtained were characterized by UV-Visible spectra, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Based on the results of the bioreduction process of HAuCl4 into AuNPs can be known that the AuNPs are successfully produced with optimum time 5 hours. Surface Plasmon resonance synthesis of AuNPs was done at a wavelength of 543.4 nm. At wavelength 660 nm is known as Longitudinal Plasma Resonance characteristic of one of AuNPs crystal form that is Au-nanorod, triangular or hexagonal. The IR band analysis shows that there are three functional groups that play a role in bioreduction process of gold nanoparticle formation are C=O, C-N and -OH group. XRD difractogram showed that AuNPs is formed at 2 theta = 37,82 degrees (1 1 1), 44.05 degrees(2 0 0), 64.43 degrees (2 2 0) and 77.55 degrees(3 1 1). The average crystal size using XRD analysis and PSA (Particles Size Analyzer) test are 36.93 nm and 78.2 nm respectively. The AuNPs crystals are mostly oriented (3 1 1) with an average crystal lattice length of 0.4 nm.