期刊
PLOS ONE
卷 12, 期 11, 页码 -出版社
PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186525
关键词
-
资金
- Forest Ecosystem Science Co-operative Inc.
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Collaborative Research and Development Grants program [CRDPJ 394902 - 09]
- Canadian Forest Service
- Wildlife Research and Monitoring Section
- Centre for Northern Forest Ecosystem Research of the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry
Woodland caribou (Rangifertarandus caribou) in Ontario are a threatened species that have experienced a substantial retraction of their historic range. Part of their decline has been attributed to increasing densities of anthropogenic linear features such as trails, roads, railways, and hydro lines. These features have been shown to increase the search efficiency and kill rate of wolves. However, it is unclear whether selection for anthropogenic linear features is additive or compensatory to selection for natural (water) linear features which may also be used for travel. We studied the selection of water and anthropogenic linear features by 52 resident wolves (Canis lupusx lycaon) over four years across three study areas in northern Ontario that varied in degrees of forestry activity and human disturbance. We used Euclidean distance -based resource selection functions (mixed -effects logistic regression) at the seasonal range scale with random coefficients for distance to water linear features, primary/secondary roads/railways, and hydro lines, and tertiary roads to estimate the strength of selection for each linear feature and for several habitat types, while accounting for availability of each feature. Next, we investigated the trade-off between selection for anthropogenic and water linear features. Wolves selected both anthropogenic and water linear features; selection for anthropogenic features was stronger than for water during the rendezvous season. Selection for anthropogenic linear features increased with increasing density of these features on the landscape, while selection for natural linear features declined, indicating compensatory selection of anthropogenic linear features. These results have implications for woodland caribou conservation. Prey encounter rates between wolves and caribou seem to be strongly influenced by increasing linear feature densities. This behavioral mechanism a compensatory functional response to anthropogenic linear feature density resulting in decreased use of natural travel corridors has negative consequences for the viability of woodland caribou.
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