期刊
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
卷 119, 期 5, 页码 -出版社
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.050801
关键词
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资金
- UK STFC Ernest Rutherford Fellowship [ST/M005844/11]
- NSF [PHY-0757058, PHY-1506453, PHY-1612816]
- Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, an NSF Physics Frontier Center
- Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien
- Division Of Physics [1506453] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/M005844/1, ST/N000633/1, ST/N000072/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- STFC [ST/N000072/1, ST/M005844/1, ST/N000633/1] Funding Source: UKRI
The quantum Cramer-Rao bound (QCRB) sets a fundamental limit for the measurement of classical signals with detectors operating in the quantum regime. Using linear-response theory and the Heisenberg uncertainty relation, we derive a general condition for achieving such a fundamental limit. When applied to classical displacement measurements with a test mass, this condition leads to an explicit connection between the QCRB and the standard quantum limit that arises from a tradeoff between the measurement imprecision and quantum backaction; the QCRB can be viewed as an outcome of a quantum nondemolition measurement with the backaction evaded. Additionally, we show that the test mass is more a resource for improving measurement sensitivity than a victim of the quantum backaction, which suggests a new approach to enhancing the sensitivity of a broad class of sensors. We illustrate these points with laser interferometric gravitational-wave detectors.
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