期刊
ENERGY POLICY
卷 83, 期 -, 页码 218-228出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2015.03.002
关键词
Energy; R&D; Multinationals; Globalization
This paper presents novel empirical evidence on the internationalization of green R&D by multinational firms (MNCs), as measured by patents data. Using data on inventors' addresses for the set of 1200 MNCs firms patenting in green technologies over the 2004-2009 period, we find that about 17% of green patents result from MNCs R&D investments conducted outside their home countries. MNCs tend to locate their foreign green R&D activities in other OECD markets and in China, in particular in lightings and solar technologies. The empirical analysis reveals that the probability of conducting green R&D abroad increases with the host country's stringency of environmental regulation, market size and (green) R&D intensity. Also, relatively lower wages for scientists and engineers, and stronger protection for intellectual property rights in the host country increase the likelihood for MNCs to offshore green R&D. The paper concludes by discussing the policy implications of this changing global innovation landscape. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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