期刊
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
卷 95, 期 -, 页码 10-19出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2015.02.013
关键词
Levulinic acid; Optimization; Glucose; Oil palm fronds; Fe/HY zeolite; Response surface methodology
资金
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia under the Research University Grant (RUG) [07H14]
- Ministry of Education (MOE) for the fellowship under MyBrain15
Levulinic acid (LA) is a versatile chemical with numerous applications. In this study, the conversions of glucose and oil palm fronds (OPF) to LA have been conducted over 10% Fe/HY zeolite catalyst. The optimization of LA yield from glucose conversion using Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology reported 61.8% yield, which can be achieved at temperature 173.4 degrees C, reaction time 3.3 h, 0.93 g of glucose and 0.89 g 10% Fe/HY zeolite. The LA yield from OPF conversion conducted at the optimum conditions was 17.6% with 54.8% process efficiency. It was also observed that Fe leaching from 10% Fe/HY zeolite was insignificant and recycled 10% Fe/HY zeolite gave sufficient performance for five successive cycles. This study emphasizes the potential of Fe/HY zeolite catalyst for catalytic conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to LA. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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