期刊
MICROORGANISMS
卷 6, 期 3, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms6030066
关键词
cellulases; thermophiles; metagenomics; biotechnology
类别
资金
- Xunta de Galicia (Consolidacion Grupos Referencia Competitiva) [ED431C2016-012]
- FEDER (EEC)
Cellulases are a heterogeneous group of enzymes that synergistically catalyze the hydrolysis of cellulose, the major component of plant biomass. Such reaction has biotechnological applications in a broad spectrum of industries, where they can provide a more sustainable model of production. As a prerequisite for their implementation, these enzymes need to be able to operate in the conditions the industrial process requires. Thus, cellulases retrieved from extremophiles, and more specifically those of thermophiles, are likely to be more appropriate for industrial needs in which high temperatures are involved. Metagenomics, the study of genes and gene products from the whole community genomic DNA present in an environmental sample, is a powerful tool for bioprospecting in search of novel enzymes. In this review, we describe the cellulolytic systems, we summarize their biotechnological applications, and we discuss the strategies adopted in the field of metagenomics for the discovery of new cellulases, focusing on those of thermophilic microorganisms.
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