Turning of difficult-to-machine materials with an actively driven rotary tool (ADRT)-Proposition of reciprocating turning contingent on fundamental cutting characteristics

In an actively driven rotary tool, the principal cutting force and tool tangential force are measured based on the power consumption of the main spindle and the tool spindle, respectively. In rotary turning, the principal cutting force, extent of chip flow angle change, and chip thickness are typically independent of tool rotation direction either clockwise or counterclockwise. The high-efficiency reciprocating turning can be regulated such that the tool tangential force acts in direct opposition to that of the feed force. In addition, cutting scenarios where the continuous chip is broken by the chip breaker are investigated using high-speed cameras.