期刊
ENERGY
卷 83, 期 -, 页码 307-315出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2015.02.025
关键词
Life cycle assessment; Sugarcane molasses; Ethanol; Allocation; Green house gas emissions; Net energy ratio
资金
- Indian Oil Corporation Ltd, Research and Development Centre, Faridabad [D1106]
- Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, New Delhi [BT/PB/08/03/2007]
India's biofuel programme relies on the ethanol from molasses for blending into gasoline. Therefore, quantification of GHG (green house gas) emissions and the energy consumed during the process of ethanol production is desirable to help policy makers to take meaningful decisions. In order to establish the environmental impact of the biofuels, LCA (life cycle assessment) is conducted for 1 ton of fuel grade ethanol in the NR (northern region) and WR (western region) of India. Four different allocation approaches, WA (without any allocation), MA (mass allocation), EA (energy allocation) and MPA (market price allocation) are used to distribute emissions and energy consumption between the product and the co-products. Total GHG emissions are from 5433 (-75.9%) to 8219.8 kg CO2-eq. (262.7%) in NR and 552.0 (-75.8%) to 7382.4 kg CO2-eq. (225.6%) with respect to gasoline. Similarly, the NER (net energy ratio) also varies with different allocation approaches and ranged from 0.38 to 3.39 in the NR and 0.48 to 4.23 in WR. Using MA approach, maximum GHG emissions reduction are, -75.9 and -75.8% and NER, 3.39 and 4.23 in NR and WR respectively indicates the environment and net energy benefits of fuel ethanol. It is observed that MA and EA approaches give more acceptable and real life results. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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