4.5 Review

Recent Progress on the Resilience of Complex Networks

期刊

ENERGIES
卷 8, 期 10, 页码 12187-12210

出版社

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/en81012187

关键词

network of networks (NON); percolation; spatially-embedded networks; dynamic networks; spontaneous recovery

资金

  1. National Natural Science Foundation of China [61104144, 61374160]
  2. MULTIPLEX (EU-FET Project) [317532]
  3. U.S. Army Research Laboratory
  4. U.S. Army Research Office [W911NF-09-2-0053]
  5. John Templeton Foundation [PFI-777]
  6. Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-10-1-0100/BRBAA08-Per4-C-2-0033]
  7. Collaborative Innovation Center for Industrial Cyber-Physical System
  8. European Community's Marie-Curie Innovative Training Networks program [289447]
  9. Israel Science Foundation
  10. Binational Science Foundation
  11. Office of Naval Research
  12. Defense Threat Reduction Agency

向作者/读者索取更多资源

Many complex systems in the real world can be modeled as complex networks, which has captured in recent years enormous attention from researchers of diverse fields ranging from natural sciences to engineering. The extinction of species in ecosystems and the blackouts of power girds in engineering exhibit the vulnerability of complex networks, investigated by empirical data and analyzed by theoretical models. For studying the resilience of complex networks, three main factors should be focused on: the network structure, the network dynamics and the failure mechanism. In this review, we will introduce recent progress on the resilience of complex networks based on these three aspects. For the network structure, increasing evidence shows that biological and ecological networks are coupled with each other and that diverse critical infrastructures interact with each other, triggering a new research hotspot of networks of networks (NON), where a network is formed by interdependent or interconnected networks. The resilience of complex networks is deeply influenced by its interdependence with other networks, which can be analyzed and predicted by percolation theory. This review paper shows that the analytic framework for NON yields novel percolation laws for n interdependent networks and also shows that the percolation theory of a single network studied extensively in physics and mathematics in the last 60 years is a specific limited case of the more general case of n interacting networks. Due to spatial constraints inherent in critical infrastructures, including the power gird, we also review the progress on the study of spatially-embedded interdependent networks, exhibiting extreme vulnerabilities compared to their non-embedded counterparts, especially in the case of localized attack. For the network dynamics, we illustrate the percolation framework and methods using an example of a real transportation system, where the analysis based on network dynamics is significantly different from the structural static analysis. For the failure mechanism, we here review recent progress on the spontaneous recovery after network collapse. These findings can help us to understand, realize and hopefully mitigate the increasing risk in the resilience of complex networks.

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