Effect of Restriction of Foods with High Fructose Corn Syrup Content on Metabolic Indices and Fatty Liver in Obese Children

Objective: We examined the effect of restriction of foods with high fructose content in obese school children. Methods: In a clinical study, we selected 54 obese children 6 to 11 years old with high fructose consumption (> 70 g/day) in order indicate dietary fructose restriction (< 20 g/day) for 6 weeks. Anthropometry, liver ultrasound as well as glucose, insulin, lipids, leptin, IGFBP1, and RBP4 serum levels were collected. Results: The group of children had 80% adherence and reported decreased fructose consumption (110 +/- 38.6 to 11.4 +/- 12.0 g/day) and also a significant decrease in caloric (2,384 +/- 568 to 1,757 +/- 387 kcal/day) and carbohydrate consumption (302 +/- 80.4 to 203 +/- 56.0 g/day). The severity of steatosis improved significantly after fructose restriction (p < 0.000001). However, no changes in BMI, systolic blood pressure, or diastolic blood pressure were found. Only triglyceride levels decreased (1.44 +/- 0.43 to 1.31 +/- 0.38 mmol/l), High-densitiy lipoprotein cholesterol showed a marginal increase (1.45 +/- 0.19 to 1.56 +/- 0.44 mmol/l). Insulin resistance and RBP4 did not change. Conclusions: In school children, the restriction of high fructose foods with a decrease of caloric and carbohydrate intake at 6 weeks did not induce weight loss; however, triglyceride levels and hepatic steatosis decreased. Differences with other studies in regard to weight loss may be explained by adaptive changes on metabolic expenditure. (C) 2017 The Author(s) Published by S. Karger GmbH, Freiburg