期刊
CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY
卷 56, 期 7, 页码 633-639出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/15563650.2017.1394465
关键词
Paraquat; acute self-poisoning; immunosuppression; randomised controlled trial
类别
资金
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG
- Wellcome Trust/National Health and Medical Research Council International Collaborative Research Grant [ICRG 071669]
- Australian Leadership Award [ALA00379]
Context: Intentional self-poisoning with the herbicide paraquat has a very high case-fatality and is a major problem in rural Asia and Pacific.Objectives: We aimed to determine whether the addition of immunosuppression to supportive care offers benefit in resource poor Asian district hospitals.Materials and methods: We performed a randomised placebo-controlled trial comparing immunosuppression (intravenous cyclophosphamide up to 1g/day for two days and methylprednisolone 1g/day for three days, and then oral dexamethasone 8mg three-times-a-day for 14 days) with saline and placebo tablets, in addition to standard care, in patients with acute paraquat self-poisoning admitted to six Sri Lankan hospitals between 1st March 2007 and 15th November 2010. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality.Results: 299 patients were randomised to receive immunosuppression (147) or saline/placebo (152). There was no significant difference in in-hospital mortality rates between the groups (immunosuppression 78 [53%] vs. placebo 94 [62%] (Chi squared test 2.4, p=.12). There was no difference in mortality at three months between the immunosuppression (101/147 [69%]) and placebo groups (108/152 [71%]); (mortality reduction 2%, 95% CI: -8 to +12%). A Cox model did not support benefit from high-dose immunosuppression but suggested potential benefit from the subsequent two weeks of dexamethasone.Conclusions: We found no evidence that high dose immunosuppression improves survival in paraquat-poisoned patients. The continuing high mortality means further research on the use of dexamethasone and other potential treatments is urgently needed.
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