Evaluating the effectiveness of labour provisions in trade agreements: An analytical and methodological framework

This article puts forward an analytical and methodological framework for examining the effectiveness of labour provisions in trade agreements, illustrated by indicative case studies. Developing the notion of capacity at three levels (state, civil society and firms), the authors differentiate between proximate outcomes (legal, institutional and political) and distant, socio-economic outcomes (improving labour rights and working conditions). They thus consider labour provisions in trade agreements as a multifaceted policy mix to be evaluated through qualitative and/or quantitative methods, depending on the aspect of capacity that is of interest, and on the available data. Some policy recommendations are also provided.