Distributed Optimal Batteries Charging Control for Heterogenous Electric Vehicles Fleet

Road vehicles are big consumers of energy and their transition to electricity supply rises a need for optimal charging control. We consider the case of electric vehicles fleet battery management process that utilizes the battery for supporting smart building operation. The paper presents a centralised and a distributed control method for cost-optimal battery management that include the electric vehicle battery model. Distributed control is used to achieve privacy and transparent charging costs for each vehicle while still achieving the same level of revenue as the centralised control. Here, the central operator acts only as a middle point in communication between various heterogeneous agents and coordinates them to respect global constraints. Charging stations themselves are entrusted to satisfy the local constraints. In this way, the privacy of the information related to specifications of charging station, users demands and behaviour pattern are kept. Most of all, the independence of vehicles and central operator is achieved. Distributed optimal batteries charging control for electric vehicles fleet is implemented by using an asymmetric projection algorithm. Management of electric vehicles fleet charging is considered as a part of the hierarchical building energy management where prices and constraints on cumulative fleet charging profiles are obtained from a higher-level instance. Given results show high matching with an equivalent centralised problem based on quadratic programming.