期刊
出版社
ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY
DOI: 10.1145/3172944.3172988
关键词
Brain-computer interface; steady-state visual evoked potentials; eye tracking; virtual reality; text entry
类别
资金
- National Key Research and Development Plan [2017YFA0205903]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [61671424, 61335010, 61634006]
- National Science Foundation of China [AWS16J028]
- Thousand Youth Talents Plan
- Beijing ST planning task [Z161100002616019]
Gaze interaction provides an efficient way for users to communicate and control in virtual reality (VR) presented by head-mounted displays. In gaze-based text-entry systems, eye tracking and brain-computer interface (BCI) are the two most commonly used approaches. This paper presents a hybrid BCI system for text entry in VR by combining steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEP) and eye tracking. The user interface in VR designed a 40-target virtual keyboard using a joint frequency-phase modulation method for SSVEP. Eye position was measured by an eye tracking accessory in the VR headset. Target-related gaze direction was detected by combining simultaneously recorded SSVEP and eye position data. Offline and online experiments indicate that the proposed system can type at a speed around 10 words per minute, leading to an information transfer rate (ITR) of 270 bits per minute. The results further demonstrate the superiority of the hybrid method over single-modality methods for VR applications.
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