期刊
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
卷 1, 期 12, 页码 7244-+出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.8b01723
关键词
solid state battery; solid electrolyte; interface; surface engineering; interface recovery
资金
- Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-0SCH11231]
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, and Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-765F00515]
- Office of Sciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- U.S. DOE Office of Science Facility, at Brookhaven National Laboratory [DE-SC0012704]
Ceramic materials based on the garnet structure Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) show great promise as lithium-ion conducting electrolytes for solid-state lithium batteries. However, these materials exhibit surface degradation when exposed to air and moisture, which adversely impacts their functioning in operating devices. In this work, we use several depth-profiling and in situ techniques to probe the nature of the surface reactions that occur when aluminum (Al)-substituted LLZO is exposed to air. These experiments show that a proton exchange reaction occurs near the surface of the LLZO and leads to change in its chemistry and structure, concomitant with the formation of Li2CO3. But these reactions can be readily reversed by heating samples at 250 degrees C under an inert atmosphere to recover LLZO surface chemistry and structure. Symmetrical cells containing samples treated this way exhibited much lower area specific impedances than those containing air-exposed LLZO without the treatment, confirming the reversal of the degradation process. Our results show a process to rejuvenate LLZO surface, and this opens the possibility of integrating this material in solid-state devices.
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