期刊
LIQUID CRYSTALS REVIEWS
卷 6, 期 2, 页码 129-142出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/21680396.2019.1581103
关键词
Nematic liquid crystals; elasticity; Oseen-Frank free energy; saddle-splay
资金
- Division of Materials Research, National Science Foundation [DMR-1409658]
- Division of Physics, National Science Foundation [PHY-1607761]
This article re-examines a classic question in liquid-crystal physics: What are the elastic modes of a nematic liquid crystal? The analysis uses a recent mathematical construction, which breaks the director gradient tensor into four distinct types of mathematical objects, representing splay, twist, bend, and a fourth deformation mode. With this construction, the Oseen-Frank free energy can be written as the sum of squares of the four modes, and saddle-splay can be regarded as bulk rather than surface elasticity. This interpretation leads to an alternative way to think about several previous results in liquid-crystal physics, including: (1) free energy balance between cholesteric and blue phases, (2) director deformations in hybrid-aligned nematic cells, (3) spontaneous twist of achiral liquid crystals confined in a torus or cylinder, and (4) curvature of smectic layers.
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