期刊
NATURE REVIEWS NEUROSCIENCE
卷 18, 期 7, 页码 435-+出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nrn.2017.62
关键词
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资金
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre of Excellence in Neurodegeneration grant [MR/ L501499/1]
- MRC Experimental Medicine programme award [MR/M006646/1]
- Parkinson's UK [G-1403]
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre
- MRC [MR/M006646/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Medical Research Council [MR/M006646/1, MR/L501499/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- Parkinson's UK [G-1403] Funding Source: researchfish
Many of the motor symptoms of Parkinson disease (PD) can be preceded, sometimes for several years, by non-motor symptoms that include hyposmia, sleep disorders, depression and constipation. These non-motor features appear across the spectrum of patients with PD, including individuals with genetic causes of PD. The neuroanatomical and neuropharmacological bases of non-motor abnormalities in PD remain largely undefined. Here, we discuss recent advances that have helped to establish the presence, severity and effect on the quality of life of non-motor symptoms in PD, and the neuroanatomical and neuropharmacological mechanisms involved. We also discuss the potential for the non-motor features to define a prodrome that may enable the early diagnosis of PD.
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