期刊
NATURE PHYSICS
卷 13, 期 5, 页码 455-459出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/NPHYS4023
关键词
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资金
- EPSRC [EP/H048375/1]
- US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-99ER45790]
- NSF [DMR-1202991]
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-FG02-99ER45790] Funding Source: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
- Division Of Materials Research
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1202991] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- EPSRC [EP/H048375/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/H048375/1] Funding Source: researchfish
Superfluidity is a manifestation of the operation of the laws of quantum mechanics on a macroscopic scale. The conditions under which superfluidity becomes manifest have been extensively explored experimentally in both quantum liquids (liquid He-4 being the canonical example) and ultracold atomic gases(1,2), including as a function of dimensionality(3,4). Of particular interest is the hitherto unresolved question of whether a solid can be superfluid(5,6). Here we report the identification of a new state of quantum matter with intertwined superfluid and density wave order in a system of two-dimensional bosons subject to a triangular lattice potential. Using a torsional oscillator we have measured the superfluid response of the second atomic layer of He-4 adsorbed on the surface of graphite, over a wide temperature range down to 2 mK. Superfluidity is observed over a narrow range of film densities, emerging suddenly and subsequently collapsing towards a quantum critical point. The unusual temperature dependence of the superfluid density in the limit of zero temperature and the absence of a clear superfluid onset temperature are explained, self-consistently, by an ansatz for the excitation spectrum, reflecting density wave order, and a quasi-condensate wavefunction breaking both gauge and translational symmetry.
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