期刊
NATURE MEDICINE
卷 23, 期 5, 页码 551-+出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nm.4308
关键词
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资金
- American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Stand Up To Cancer-Cancer Research Institute Cancer Immunology Dream Team Translational Research Grant [SU2C-AACR-DT1012]
- Prostate Cancer Foundation (PCF)
- PCF Young Investigator Award
- Conquer Cancer Foundation-American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
- Cancer Prevention Research in Texas (CPRIT) [RP120108]
- NIH/NCI [R01 CA1633793, K12 CA088084, P30CA016672, P50 CA140388]
To date, anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) or anti-PD-1 (nivolumab) monotherapy has not been demonstrated to be of substantial clinical benefit in patients with prostate cancer. To identify additional immune-inhibitory pathways in the prostate-tumor microenvironment, we evaluated untreated and ipilimumab-treated tumors from patients in a presurgical clinical trial. Levels of the PD-L1 and VISTA inhibitory molecules increased on independent subsets of macrophages in treated tumors. Our data suggest that VISTA represents another compensatory inhibitory pathway in prostate tumors after ipilimumab therapy.
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