Tailoring. graphene layer-to-layer growth

A layered material grown between a substrate and the upper layer involves complex interactions and a. confined reaction space, representing an unusual growth mode. Here, we show. multi-layer graphene domains. grown on liquid or solid Cu by the. chemical vapor deposition method via this 'double-substrate' mode. We demonstrate the interlayer-induced coupling effect on the twist angle in bi-and multi-layer graphene. We discover dramatic growth disunity for different graphene layers, which is explained by the ideas of a chemical 'gate' and a. material transport process within a confined space. These key results lead to a consistent framework for understanding the. dynamic evolution of multi-layered graphene flakes and tailoring the layer-to-layer growth for practical applications.