期刊
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
卷 470, 期 4, 页码 4186-4208出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stx1403
关键词
methods: numerical - galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: stellar content
资金
- Science & Technology Facilities Council (STFC) [ST/L000768/1]
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) under Severo Ochoa Programmes [SEV-2011-0187, SEV-2015-0548, AYA2014-58308, RYC-2015-18078]
- Science and Technology Facilities Council [ORCID 0000-0001-6888-6483, ST/L000652/1]
- large-scale project 'Hydrangea' of the Gauss Center for Supercomputing [GCS-HYDA/ID 44067]
- BIS National E-infrastructure capital grant [ST/K00042X/1]
- STFC capital grant [ST/H008519/1]
- STFC DiRAC Operations grant [ST/K003267/1]
- Durham University
- PRACE
- Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme
- Belgian Science Policy Office [AP P7/08 CHARM]
- National Science Foundation [NSF PHY11-25915]
- UK Science and Technology Facilities Council via rolling and consolidated grants [ST/F001166/1, ST/I000976/1]
- Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), through VICI grant [639.043.409]
- European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme [278594]
- STFC [ST/P000649/1, ST/L000652/1, ST/N000633/1, ST/P000525/1, ST/I00162X/1, ST/H008519/1, ST/K00042X/1, ST/P000541/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/P000649/1, ST/P000541/1, ST/H008519/1, ST/N000633/1, ST/I00162X/1, ST/K00042X/1, ST/L000652/1, ST/P000525/1] Funding Source: researchfish
We introduce the Hydrangea simulations, a suite of 24 cosmological hydrodynamic zoom-in simulations of massive galaxy clusters (M-200c = 10(14)-10(15.4) M-circle dot) with baryon particle masses of similar to 10(6) M-circle dot. Designed to study the impact of the cluster environment on galaxy formation, they are a key part of the 'Cluster-EAGLE' project. They use a galaxy formation model developed for the EAGLE project, which has been shown to yield both realistic field galaxies and hot gas fractions of galaxy groups consistent with observations. The total stellar mass content of the simulated clusters agrees with observations, but central cluster galaxies are too massive, by up to 0.6 dex. Passive satellite fractions are higher than in the field, and at stellar masses M-star > 10(10) M-circle dot, this environmental effect is quantitatively consistent with observations. The predicted satellite stellar mass function matches data from local cluster surveys. Normalized to total mass, there are fewer low-mass (M-star less than or similar to 10(10) M-circle dot) galaxies within the virial radius of clusters than in the field, primarily due to star formation quenching. Conversely, the simulations predict an overabundance of massive galaxies in clusters compared to the field that persists to their far outskirts (>5 r(200c)). This is caused by a significantly increased stellar mass fraction of (sub-)haloes in the cluster environment, by up to similar to 0.3 dex even well beyond r(200c). Haloes near clusters are also more concentrated than equally massive field haloes, but these two effects are largely uncorrelated.
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