期刊
PHYSICAL REVIEW D
卷 99, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.99.014511
关键词
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资金
- National Science Foundation [ACI-1548562, TG-PHY170018]
- Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy
- National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- National Science Foundation under CAREER Grant [1841699]
- Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics
- Government of Canada through the Department of Innovation, Science and Economic Development
- Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Research and Innovation
- U.S. Department of Energy under Early Career Research Award [DE-SC0010495, DE-SC0011090]
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics
- SciDAC4 Grant [DE-SC0018121]
A future electron-ion collider will enable the gluon contributions to the gravitational form factors of the proton to be constrained experimentally for the first time. Here, the first calculation of these form factors from lattice quantum chromodynamics is presented. The calculations use a larger-than-physical value of the light quark mass corresponding to m(pi) similar to 450 MeV. All three form factors, which encode the momentum dependence of the lowest moment of the spin-independent gluon generalized parton distributions and are related to different components of the energy-momentum tensor, are resolved. In particular, the gluon D-term form factor, related to the pressure distribution inside the nucleon, is determined for the first time. The gluon contributions to the two gravitational form factors of the pion are also determined, and are compared to existing lattice determinations of the quark contributions to the gravitational form factors and to phenomenology.
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