期刊
MOLECULAR ECOLOGY
卷 26, 期 5, 页码 1323-1342出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/mec.13968
关键词
gene expression; herbivory; opsin; reef fish; sequence variation; UV reflectance
资金
- DAAD
- University of Basel
- Basler Stiftung fuer experimentelle Zoologie
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) [149400]
- Australian Endeavour Research Fellowship
- SNSF [155248, 165364]
- University of Queensland International Travel award
- SNSF
- European Research Council (ERC)
- AFOSR/AOARD
Coral reefs belong to the most diverse ecosystems on our planet. The diversity in coloration and lifestyles of coral reef fishes makes them a particularly promising system to study the role of visual communication and adaptation. Here, we investigated the evolution of visual pigment genes (opsins) in damselfish (Pomacentridae) and examined whether structural and expression variation of opsins can be linked to ecology. Using DNA sequence data of a phylogenetically representative set of 31 damselfish species, we show that all but one visual opsin are evolving under positive selection. In addition, selection on opsin tuning sites, including cases of divergent, parallel, convergent and reversed evolution, has been strong throughout the radiation of damselfish, emphasizing the importance of visual tuning for this group. The highest functional variation in opsin protein sequences was observed in the short- followed by the long-wavelength end of the visual spectrum. Comparative gene expression analyses of a subset of the same species revealed that with SWS1, RH2B and RH2A always being expressed, damselfish use an overall short-wavelength shifted expression profile. Interestingly, not only did all species express SWS1 - a UV-sensitive opsin - and possess UV-transmitting lenses, most species also feature UV-reflective body parts. This suggests that damsels might benefit from a close-range UV-based private' communication channel, which is likely to be hidden from UV-blind' predators. Finally, we found that LWS expression is highly correlated to feeding strategy in damsels with herbivorous feeders having an increased LWS expression, possibly enhancing the detection of benthic algae.
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